The concept of renewal or cycles in time is present in various cultures and can be found in different forms. The Aztec civilization had a significant cycle known as the "New Fire Ceremony" or "Binding of the Years," which occurred every 52 years.

The Aztec calendar consisted of multiple interlocking cycles. The most well-known cycle was the 365-day solar calendar, called the xiuhpohualli, which determined agricultural and seasonal events.

The Aztecs also had a 260-day ritual calendar known as the tonalpohualli, which was used for religious and divinatory purposes.

The combination of these two calendars created a larger 52-year cycle, known as the Calendar Round.

At the end of each 52-year cycle, the Aztecs believed the world was at risk of coming to an end. To prevent this catastrophe, they conducted the New Fire Ceremony. This ceremony involved extinguishing all fires and then igniting a new sacred fire using friction and other means. This act symbolized the renewal of time and the rejuvenation of the world.

While both the Jubilee concept in the Old Testament - every 50 years - and the Aztec cycle of 52 years involve the notion of renewal, they are distinct in their duration and underlying religious or cultural significance. The 50-year Jubilee in the Old Testament pertains to economic and social restoration, while the 52-year cycle in Aztec culture focused on the renewal of time and the prevention of a potential cataclysmic event.

Xiuhpohualli

The Aztecs had two main calendars: the 365-day solar calendar called the xiuhpohualli and the 260-day ritual calendar known as the tonalpohualli.

The xiuhpohualli consisted of 18 months, each lasting 20 days, with an additional 5 "unlucky" days at the end of the year. Here are the names of the months in the xiuhpohualli:

1. Atlcahualo: "Water Container"

2. Tlacaxipehualiztli: "Flaying of Men"

3. Tozoztontli: "Little Vigil"

4. Hueytozoztli: "Great Vigil"

5. Toxcatl: "Dryness"

6. Etzalcualiztli: "Eating Maize Ears"

7. Tecuilhuitontli: "Small Feast of the Lords"

8. Hueytecuilt: "Great Feast of the Lords"

9. Tlaxochimaco: "Offering of Flowers"

10. Xocotlhuetzi: "Feast of Xocotl"

11. Ochpaniztli: "Sweeping"

12. Teotleco: "Divine Year"

13. Tepeihuitl: "Mountain Feast"

14. Quecholli: "Precious Feather"

15. Panquetzaliztli: "Raising the Banner"

16. Atemoztli: "Descent of Water"

17. Tititl: "Stretching"

18. Izcalli: "Resuscitation"

These names often reflected the agricultural, religious, or celestial events associated with each month.

It's worth noting that the Aztec calendar was not synchronized with the solar year perfectly, so over time, the calendar would gradually shift in relation to the seasons.